Tuesday, December 12, 2006

War on terror justifies US direct aid to an army that terrorizes its own people

Tuesday, December 12, 2006
US To Renew Direct Funding of Gov’t, Military Aid

By Erika Kinetz
THE CAMBODIA DAILY

The US government has committed $1 million to the Cambodian military and is prepared to give money directly to the Cambodian government for the first time in nearly a decade.

This marks a sea change in the policy of the US, which banned military aid and direct government funding after forces loyal to then Second Prime Minister Hun Sen ousted then First Prime Minister Prince Norodom Ranariddh during the factional fighting of 1997.

In the proposed budget for the 2007 fiscal year, the US Senate, whose foreign appropriations subcommittee is chaired by longtime Hun Sen critic US Senator Mitch McConnell, recommended that the ban on direct funding to the Cambodian government be lifted. This would open the way for a proposed $55.8 million in general aid to be delivered over the year, in addition to the $1 million already earmarked for the Cambodian military.

This shift is taking place even as members of the international community, including US Ambassador Joseph Mussomeli, are calling attention to shortcomings in the Cambodian government, particularly on corruption and human rights. US officials, from both the State Department and Congress, say this is a way to add a few carrots to their repertoire of sticks, which has been driven, in part, by the exigencies of the so-called war on terror.

"When the restrictions are lifted, we look to support the government where there is demonstrated political will for reform," said Erin Soto, Cambodia Mission Director of the US Agency for International Development.

One congressional aide, speaking on condition of anonymity, said, "I don't think anyone thinks Hun Sen has had an epiphany and suddenly woken up and become a democrat. Cambodia has significant problems that need to be addressed by him."

The war on terror has created a new set of priorities for the US, he added.

"If we don't engage the government, the Hambalis and the criminal elements will get worse," he said from Washington.

Riduan Isamuddin, an Indonesian better known as Hambali, was believed to be al-Qaida's top operative in Southeast Asia and operations chief of Jemaah Islamiyah. He took refuge in Cambodia between September 2002 and March 2003.

"The Cambodian government wont do anything unless it's in its interest. If we can engage them on counter-terrorism, then we're doing ourselves a favor," the congressional aide said.

Cambodia welcomes the possibility of change in the relationship with the US, said government spokesman and Information Minister Khieu Kanharith.

"It would be great if we can resume a normal diplomatic relationship," he said. "We don't want to see Cambodia have relationships with governments from countries like China and Japan, but not the United States."

Defense Minister Tea Banh said that the funds for the military, which were committed in September, have not yet been received but are welcome.

"Any assistance is useful for us," he said.

US officials say their main priorities are delivering non-lethal equipment and training to the Cambodian military, especially its border security units.

But this has alarmed critics, who charge that the human rights record of military officials should preclude RCAF from all US aid.

"You should not give a dime to the Cambodian army," SRP leader Sam Rainsy said. "They are the worst perpetrators of human rights abuses. They take land, burn houses and evict poor farmers from their land."

Local rights group Licadho found that nearly 40 percent of the 172 human rights abuses it documented in the first half of 2006 were perpetrated by the military, military police or the police.

Hak Savuth, a secretary of state at the Defense Ministry, denied that the military is guilty of systematic abuses.

"Every unit is trained about human rights," he said. "The mistakes are done by individuals."

Officials in US Congress are aware of the military's poor rights record.

"We think US assistance to the Cambodian military should be subject to explicit conditions related to human rights, but the Republican majority apparently felt otherwise," Tim Rieser, a top aide to US Senator Patrick Leahy, the ranking Democrat on the foreign appropriations subcommittee, wrote in an e-mail from Washington.

Mussomeli maintains that human rights concerns are a reason to engage the military.

"It would be akin to having an adolescent who is committing crimes and refusing to put him in a training center to learn how to be a better person," Mussomeli said.

"The whole point is to make them a more responsible, trustworthy organization," he said.

By law, the US is prohibited from funding units of foreign security forces that have committed gross human rights violations. Mussomeli said US funds would not go to units of the Cambodian military guilty of such violations. "There are specific groups we are concerned about," he said, but declined to specify which ones.

Sam Rainsy said that given the pervasiveness of corruption within the Cambodian government giving aid directly to it would require extreme caution.

"I think aid should be resumed to the government but on one condition: That the anti-corruption law be adopted first," he added.

Khieu Kanharith said that although corruption is a hot topic with donors, the greater threat to effective funding may lie in high overheads for donor projects.

"The assistance can be supervised by the donor country. But don't give Cambodia $10 million" and then spend 70 percent of this on experts, he said.

Most nations choose engagement when it comes to the politics of giving foreign aid.

France, for example, pledged $35 million to Cambodia in 2006, only about 5 percent of which was to be delivered through NGOs. Japan, historically the country's most generous donor, has long delivered direct assistance to the government. More recently, China has swept in with hundreds of millions of dollars in unrestricted funds.

But some say that Washington's stance gave it a special moral authority, which it should not squander.

"The United States is the most important donor concerned about human rights and democracy in Cambodia," said Chea Vannath, former president of the Center for Social Development.

The decade-old ban in the wake of the 1997 fighting, she added, proved a powerful loss of face for the Cambodian government reversing it might be taken as a tacit approbation of the status quo.

However, she said, engagement would likely help further US objectives and influence in the region, especially in the face of competing interests from China and, to some extent Japan.

Some critics charge that the cost of making a direct bid for influence is too high in a country like Cambodia.

"It's almost a probability that you would have to accept that in the course of re-engaging [with the government], only a portion of your investment will have the impact you hope," said Tony Knowles, the Canadian director of SME Cambodia, which encourages small and medium enterprises.

"The rest will be siphoned off and help the few rather than the many. You are going into partnership with a group that has demonstrated neither sincerity nor competence," he claimed.

SME Cambodia stopped receiving USAID funding last year because the agency had changed its priorities, he said.

Over the years, a series of exceptions have been introduced into the ban on direct US assistance, and the Cambodian government can already receive money for things like health, education, cultural preservation and combating human trafficking.

Even today, US Congress is not entirely at ease with delivering unrestricted funds. In its recommendations for the 2007 budget the Senate requests that the State Department and USAID consult with it prior to allocating funds directly to the Cambodian government for activities not included in the 2006 list of exceptions.

"The flood gates won't open," said the congressional aide. "A check is still in there."

(Additional reporting by Thet Sambath)

27 comments:

Anonymous said...

I would not worry about it. the more American in Cambodia the better. I'm tired of the ching chung chang! They can go wherever they want to. The sooner the better.

America is my greatest love affair and my dream. The way I look at it, if the Hun's government cann't take it or fake it, F...off! Who gives?

When more American in Cambodia, Cambodian people will have gain more strenght and belief more in Democracy. The more they know the better and will talk when the next the election comes!

Bonjour China! ( and The Japanese likes it or not will have to stay America's best friend. She deosn't have many choises. Who enermy is China? ). Let the show beging! The sooner the better. Thank you America! Please come as soon as possible.

Anonymous said...

oops! let the show begin! Yes!

So if there will be more General Dap Choun, but we would predict a different one. By now Cambodian have learnt a lot and it won't be exactly like him. He or she will be a better person. In term of our own Khmers Idenity and survival...

Dream is free and it could come true. This is a fabulous fabulous opportunity! It's Khmers New Happiness! and New Dawn!

Anonymous said...

The more American in Cambodia the better? I would not bet on them. South Vietnam was an example and Iraq is another it is a mess... USA needs Cambodian Government for her global war on terrorism. Human rights abuse issues are now on the back burner. From now on Cambodian watch for themselves. Too bad!!

Anonymous said...

You may be right 8:57pm and The Cambodian's oil well that will surface Cambodia is a very near future.

THE SRP MUST GET THIS STRAIGHT.

The giant American's oil company are already there. To Cross America now is wrong and it's too late! She has the right to protect her business and whose business are we doing with? Whose company that got there and discovered oil in Cambodia in the first place. China?or France or Japanese.....?All and all, it makes sence to protect what we have and what America has. I still see America should be there to protect what she has and able to do her business just like everybody else. We are not Jihad or whatever. We are Buddist and love business people and we love American. We are going to have to welcome them! Go and cross them now. That would bring mess much sooner. Would you go right ahead and do that?

and so if we should be in the mess, but so do our neighbors?. Wouldn't Thailand , Vietnam , Loas are in the same boat? Cambodian are different, our peopel are not like the middle east people. Our geography and our nieghbors' geography are not like the Middle East. Those people are an extremist. A thousand years old people. Talking lag behind. They seem to also cann't tell the different between the oil, water or blood. Just please don't compare us to them. Anything is good for America, it's good for the world. More cars and more technologies will be diffused to Cambodia thru American and the better our standard of living. You need to think the right thing.

We are going to do business with American and our nieghbors and we are going to do our business peacefully.

Please believe in peace and believe in American and her allied.

Anonymous said...

and one more thing. The Vietcong and South Vietnam were a mess. They counldn't get it straight either. Most of SV people worked for The Vietcong. The whole time they were in the war. No wonder, they lost. Any thing whicht we can learn from them?

Jay said...

The U. S. Congress needed to pass their 2007 budget before January. Sometimes things don't get looked at very closely. The motto is 'Just be done with it.' This happens with a lot of those earmarks (bridge to nowhere, etc.) We don't know whether this was just an earmark somebody had lobbied for or not. But one thing is for sure. Don't expect this U. S. aid is given altruistically. They want something in return, e. g. help with their war on terror. When it comes to this subject the present U. S. government isn't too squeamish about human rights, due process, or rule of law. This is primarily in the U. S.'s self-interest. Don't kid yourselves. Unfortunately, an ambassador can only make recommendations, because it appears as if Mr. Mussomeli would not have recommended that.

Anonymous said...

And one more thing, America came to mess up in Cambodia, South Vietnam and Loas, then buckled up, betrayed everyone who fought with them and ran for their safety, People remembered that. Now USA are trying to do the same with Iraqi people who support them.

Anonymous said...

What makes Ah Russia more acceptable to the West?

What makes Ah Vietcong more acceptable to the Japanese?

Russia has the Nuclear Arsenal that is extremely dangerous to anyone.

Ah Vietcong is the ugliest and meanest people in the region. Think of it,if they can cross China for the Japanese ( hoping The Japanese doesn't mean that way ) and the Russian's nuclear arsenal can be used to protect humanity instead or better, yet combine their technology and knowledge with The West for probing space and for doing better business for the world?.

The G7 recognized that. That is why Ah Russian got the new status of The Geopolites number 8 or The G8. They may be able to center the Middle East for the world. Who knows?

Those destruction energies need to be converted. You do the study. Who needs who? and why? With technology and communication can sweep across the world in a matter on second. You can learn all and get ready for the next excitment. Can the world get better or worse? No one can really tell or predict. It depneds on how you look at it and work with it. That might be a better prediction of of all. It will get better. People are smarter including the Hun Sen's government. The world are smarter.

Why do you think Mr. Embassador was with The Human Right Marching Day in our country the other day? and why did the Hun Sen government go along?

Anonymous said...

The US is just trying ti balance its influences on Cambodia. Think about it, if the US give money, the US will have negoiating points. I don't support the idea, but to isolated Cambodia from aide completly gives the US zero leverage. This is the only way they can influence the current regiem. If you don't understand, How's about CHINA...

Anonymous said...

To 11:32p.m

May be you can stop the rain from falling, but I cann't. I'm going to dance with this rain with joy! and find my happiness from this cooling and heavenly water for the time being. If you look at it as an acid rain and afraid. That it is different. Good luck with our thoughts and findings. It was a good talk!

Anonymous said...

To 11:48p.m

More banks compete is better for the borrowers and who are we?

We are the bank! Yah, right! Duh!

Anonymous said...

To MR. Kev Kantharith.

To be able to obtain more money from the foreigns'aid, may be possible if our people are more skillful and have more education. Send them to Europe or America or Japan as many as you can.

It's hard to hand big job with big money to unskill workers and The world are credential society proving by the Institution of Education. You need to really wake up and produce more Khmer's kids to really catch up this. Thank you

Anonymous said...

America this, America that....if you guys think America is the best for saving Cambodia from corruption and such take a look at who funded the Khmer Rouge! Yes, America and China both funded the Khmer Rouge.....dont ever think that other countries can do the best job for our country...only the citizens of Cambodia the blood of Khmers can really help Cambodia...we only need aid and supplies...but ideology Khmers can form it themselves to protect Prachea Chun.

Anonymous said...

The "Monkey Master" fable

A Fourteenth Century Chinese parable by Liu-Ji, for example, outlines this neglected understanding of political power quite well:

In the feudal state of Chu an old man survived by keeping monkeys in his service. The people of Chu called him "ju gong" (monkey master)

Each morning, the old man would assemble the monkeys in his courtyard, and order the eldest one to lead the others to the mountains to gather fruits from bushes and trees. It was the rule that each monkey had to give one-tenth of his collection to the old man. Those who failed to do so would be ruthlessly flogged. All the monkeys suffered bitterly, but dared not complain.

One day, a small monkey asked the other monkeys: "Did the old man plant all the fruit trees and bushes?" The others said: "No, they grew naturally." The small monkey further asked: "Can't we take the fruits without the old man's permission?" The others replied: "Yes, we all can." The small monkey continued: "Then, why should we depend on the old man; why must we all serve him?"

Before the small monkey was able to finish his statement, all the monkeys suddenly became enlightened and awakened.

On the same night, watching that the old man had falled asleep, the monkeys tore down all the barricades of the stockade in which they were confined, and destroyed the stockade entirely. They also took the fruits the old man had in storage, brought all with them to the woods, and never returned. The old man finally died of starvation.

Yu-li-zi says, "Some men in the world rule their people by tricks and not by righteous principles. Aren't they just like the monkey master? They are not aware of their muddleheadedness. As soon as their people become enlightened, their tricks no longer work."

Source:
From Dictatorship to Democracy by Gene Sharp pg. 15 "Three Whence Comes The Power?"

Anonymous said...

to 1:33

America supported khmer republic against the khmer rouge ,and was unable to save it because it was so corrupted .But when Cambodia was occupied by foreign force ViETNam ,what should America do ? support the vietnamese agressors...i thought not. If you understand America, you will love this country. Japaneses peoples understood this country better then most.

Anonymous said...

My my my, i agree with Som Ransy, don't give direct aide to cambodia, it won't do anygood, it only brings more corruptions. My god, can't you understand, Ah vietnam is controlling the damn country, vietname tell hun sen left, he'll turn left, right, he'll turn right. stupid monkey.

Anonymous said...

Yeah America did support the regime against Vietnam but are you forgetting that the Khmer Rouge killed millions upon millions of our own kind?

Anonymous said...

Foreign countries help Cambodia only if their interests are served. America with her war on terror or China with her economic investments to name a few are examples. They would careless if Hun Sen and Co. kills more Khmers in the name of stability.

Anonymous said...

^ Yes it is true that every country is out there for their own interest...for our own interest we must use those countries in our favor....

Anonymous said...

While I can see some negativism pertaining to America's influence, I for once, welcome this change. I'd rather Cambodia be America's puppet than our neighbor's puppet.

We should understand that America, as a country do not act alone. It's corporation lobbied her to make specific policies. In this case, I believe the powerful oil lobbyist convinced America to become much more involve in Cambodia's affair. It has nothing to do with Terrorism, but rather profit, and influence. Is this positive? It could be. After world war II, America "forced" Japan to westernize. It didn't turn out bad for them. Thailand has always been very "pro" America. They didn't turn out that bad either. America's involvement in the Middle East has always been shaky, due to religious fundamentalism. So, I agree, it should not be compare to Budhism.

I think America is also trying to offset China's influence. Afterall, China is the closet (although distant) rivalry to America's might.

While America has it's secracy, and sometimes shady politics, they do not for the most part, shut down criticism (even though sector of the government do try). In other words, America's influence will strengthen NGOs and other critics of the Hun Sen regime.

Anonymous said...

That is a great decision by the Us government. Now Hun Sen can use the $1M money to buy more weapons legelly and sell them to terrorist group like he did in Sri lanka...now that's what you call terrorism prevention.

Anonymous said...

China will soon come up with their new counter foreign policy to impose on PM Hun Sen and his administration and US can't do a thing about it.

Somlor Ma-Chou Yuon

Anonymous said...

The Superpowers and Cambodia's masters are vying to engage the Hun Sen government for their own interests. The only one sure loser in this tug-of-war will be Cambodia, or more accurately the Cambodian people, if it does not play the power game properly.

Cambodia was ravaged by wars supported by various powerful countries for 20 years, and millions of Cambodians lost their lives. If we don't look where we leap the history may repeat itself. Cambodian leaders cannot implement their domestic and foreign policies without prior consultation with certain superpowers. They can commit human rights violation with impunity because certain powers either support or ignore it completely.

Whoever eventually becomes the true master of Cambodia, I sincerely hope that it will respect and protect Cambodia's cultural identity, freedom, democracy and territorial integrity. Up to now, it has always been a case of very few hands leave the rice uncooked or too many hands leave the rice overcooked or burnt. Cambodia needs a happy medium.

Anonymous said...

I would just go with the flow. We are not trying to be Sihanouk in the 60's or are we?

He was a good King, but he didn't understand most aspects of what happening around the world. He was so occuppied with us and Ah Youn and why King show his favoritism toward The Communist anyway?

You have to be fair. This is also about The World Trade and its safety and security. It's not just about us alone. To expect someone as giant as America to listen to us could very well mean having her being "SUBMISSIVE TO OUR AUTHORITY" AND WHAT IF IT DOES? WOULDN'T IT MEAN A FAULT HOPE OR FAULT PATH FOR US TO FOLLOW?

We need to think of what to do or what would be a benificial to our people interm of getting $M of aid money from America and also making her REALLY SUCESSFUL!. That would be a win win situatin and a smashing idea.

Who say Mr. Tea Bahn and his man alone can learn the skill of fighting? America's military school is a fine school in the world. Get our true men and women involved also.

Obtaining the maximun aid we could from this precious grant by producing our Army officers, Navy officers and The Airforce Officers as much as we can. The Sky is the limit.

Those skills will constitute productive and higher standard of living for The Cambodian citizens later. We can sit still and watch it go down the crack or do something with it.

If China cann't handle it or is so willing to dispose the Hun Sen 's Goevrnment, that it's her problem. Who cares? but we think that China is alot smarter by now and will also able see that everybody is doing business with everybody. She is not THE ONLY ONE ON THIS EARTH WHO CAN HAVE EVERYTHING TO HERSELF. SHE HAS TO LEARN TO SHARE.

To The Hun Sen's government, if you don't learn from the Past by betraying America, that is also your problem.

Southern Europe( including France, Italy, Britain and Germany ), Canada, Japan and most noticable China herself are very very sucessful doing business with America. It would be smarter, if you to stay in your path and stay straight. You have the right to be a good man like everybody else. That is your choise as well. Now bring Cambodia to next level!

Anonymous said...

It is so good to read these comments. They are diverse but that is essential. Obviously, you all want the best for Cambodia and do it in a peaceful and civilized manner. I believe it would be good if many overseas Cambodians with an education and their know-how went back to live in their country. This way they could help their own people the best - by educating them, telling them there are better ways than that deeply entrenched corrupt system, there are better politicians, e. g. Sam Rainsy that could lead the country. But it takes courage and it won't happen overnight.
A concerned foreigner and friend of Cambodia.

Anonymous said...

The bottom line is Cambodia should learn how to balance their act for their own interest that is if Hun Sen is smart enough; given the history of his erratic behavior it is tough to call. I hope by now he should be a little more mature to think about his own people and don't let foreigners destine and exploit our future. Foreigners are only interest in Cambodia for their own interest. So let bet a smarter Hun Sen for a change and let your people proud of you. Right now it's you who will call the future of our nation. Don't you want to remember you as a great leader for our nation or do you want people to remember as one of the worst leaders in Cambodia. You can be a change man; it is not too late yet. I am speaking directly to Hun Sen because you are the man right now.

Anonymous said...

If Hun Sen can't lead then the people should elect for a different leader...however if he is still controlling power then he should be disposed off legally and fully by law of the constitution of Cambodia. No one, not even the King should be above the law of the land...we should revise the laws of SROK KHMER