Showing posts with label Term limit. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Term limit. Show all posts

Wednesday, January 21, 2009

A Noble Tradition

President Barack Obama and first lady Michelle Obama walk the inaugural parade route in Washington, Tuesday, Jan. 20, 2009. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak)

Tuesday, January 20, 2009
Op-Ed By Jayakhmer
On the web at http://www.modernprogressivekhmer.blogspot.com


On this sunny but chilly Tuesday morning, up to 2 million people converged at the country’s capitol to take part in history. Barack H. Obama became the president of the United States at noon as required by the 20th amendment of the Constitution.

As the President Obama solemnly took the oath “to faithfully execute the office of President of the United States and will” to the best of his ability to “preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States,” the people and the world, for that matter, welcomed the 44th president of the United States.

As a Cambodian American, I found this auspicious occasion very gratifying. A peaceful transition of power from one government to the next is a tradition I am very much hoping that Cambodia will someday adopt.

Cambodia’s past governmental transitions were any but peaceful. March 18, 1970 was a coupe, April 17, 1975 Khmer Communists usurped the power by force, and January 7, 1979 was an invasion.

This noble tradition went back to the first president of the United States. After serving two terms as president, George Washington retired from politics in 1796. The notion for a leader holds on to power for life simply does not exist. I am sure that some may have attempted, but the elections, the rule of law, and the tradition always dictated. After Franking D. Roosevelt who served as president for three terms, the country rectified the issue by adopting the 22nd amendment in 1951 allowing a president to serve only up to two four-year terms.

President Obama know all too well of the challenges the country and the world will face.

“…That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet…”

I am very hopeful, however.

What so great about America is that the fact that it has a political structure to renew itself through term limits and through elections.

President Bush also shared this sense of optimism as he leaves his office. In his farewell address, Mr. Bush said, “America is a young country, full of vitality, constantly growing and renewing itself. And even in the toughest times, we lift our eyes to the broad horizon ahead.”

What truly captured my attention was when President Obama said this in his inaugural speech.

“To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society's ills on the West: Know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.”

I am looking forward to seeing the changing world. I also hope that Cambodia and its leaders will take this opportunity to work with the new administration to renew their commitments to promoting democracy so that every Cambodian can enjoy freedom, liberty, justice, dignity, and decency.

Thursday, September 11, 2008

A Modest Proposal

Wednesday, September 10, 2008
Op-Ed by JayaKhmer
On the web at http://modernprogressivekhmer.blogspot.com


The Cambodian People’s Party (CPP) decisively won the election. On July 27, 2008 Cambodia held its fourth Parliamentary Election in 15 years. Although 11 political parties participated in the election, CPP managed to capture 90 seats out of 123 according to official result. This means even without the 2006 constitutional amendment to change the requirement from a super majority to a simple majority (50+1) to form a government, CPP could have easily met the former requirement.

If democracy is only about elections, Cambodia shows an impressive progress considering the country had just emerged from decades of wars and conflicts. Democracy, however, is much more than elections though they serve as important processes. Rather, the principles and practices are characteristics necessary to determine whether a nation is democratic.

While I want to offer my heartfelt congratulations to CPP for its impressive victory, I have lingering concerns as to what political progress will this victory bring.

As CPP is poised to form a new government, its actions after the election will determine the direction of the country. CPP is credited for the country’s impressive economic progress. As an optimist, I hope that CPP will take this golden opportunity to addressing these important political issues.

Political Liberty is core of a democracy. The U.S. would not be the way it is now if the founding fathers failed to incorporated the Bill of Rights in the constitution. According to John Stuart Mill, liberty is “the protection against the tyranny of the political rulers.” The first ten amendments of the U.S constitution practically restrict the power of government and protect individuals’ liberty.

The current Cambodian constitution recognizes citizens’ rights, but it fails to restrict the power of government. There is a thin line between tyranny and democracy. Restricting the power of government and a devotion to creating a well-ordered society by all where no one is above the law will push Cambodia rapidly toward democracy.

This is also a perfect time for CPP to set term limit for office of the prime minister. The U.S did not impose term limit for president until the ratification of 22nd amendment in 1947. Most countries allow their prime ministers to serve without term limits; Cambodia under CPP should take this bold step by making term limit as a permanent part of the constitution.

CPP has to look beyond this transitional period. The country must keep changing to progress. With term limit, the country knows and expects new policies and new ways of governing after a leader’s term limit is expired. Even if the country keeps voting for the same party, at least term limit will provide opportunities for other capable members of that party to serve the nation. With term limit, the country also will depend on the rule of law to change a leader rather than depends on the mercy of a leader to relinquish his/her power.

The checks and balances are also very important in a democracy. Perhaps, the framers of the Cambodian constitution overlooked this important issue. In a unitary system, as oppose to the federal system, Cambodian government wheels tremendous power. Realistically, there is no separation of power between different branches of the government. Therefore, currently there are no checks and balances.

CPP happens to be the winner this time around. What would CPP do if it were to become an opposition party? As Cambodia becomes more developed, it is conceivable that country’s political landscape will also change and can change drastically. This is the right time to make sure that there is reflective equilibrium that provides ample opportunity for opposition parties to participate in political deliberation process to provide the much needed checks and balances.

If election in a democracy is a way in which a political party justifies its legitimacy to govern a nation, CPP should use this people’s mandate to create a legacy for all citizens – not just for CPP - that last from one generation to the next. Political liberty, term limit to the highest office in the nation, and legitimate checks and balances that encourage political oppositions a continued cooperation will be the most precious legacy that a political party or an election can offer.

Wednesday, May 09, 2007

Khieu Kanharith: Term limit should be set on losing political party presidents rather than on strongman already in power

Tuesday, May 08, 2007
Reaction to proposal for PM term limit

Everyday.com.kh
Translation from Khmer by Heng Soy

Khieu Kanharith, the Minister of Information and government spokesman, reacted to the NRP proposal for an amendment to the constitution to limit the term of the prime minister office. Khieu Kanharith told the Rasmei Kampuchea newspaper on Monday that in other countries, the presidential and the parliament elections are distinct from one another, but that in Cambodia, the election is not held to elect a prime minister: Cambodians vote to elect members of parliament, and the party that wins the election has the task of organizing the government. Therefore, the party that wins must select one of their strongmen to lead them, and it would not select a meek person to lead them at all. Khieu Kanharith said that meek political party presidents who lost twice in the elections should step down to let other strongmen replace them, rather than removing a strongman who is already in power and replace him with a meek person.

Tuesday, May 08, 2007

Amendment for PM term limit?

Tuesday, May 08, 2007
Everyday.com.kh
Translation from Khmer by Socheata

A high-ranking official from the Norodom Ranariddh party (NRP) claimed that NRP as well as Prince Ranariddh plan to propose an amendment to the Constitution to set the term limit for the prime minister position. Ok Socheat, Prince Ranariddh’s advisor, told Kampuchea Thmei newspaper over the phone on Monday that Cambodia should make an amendment to the Constitution to set term limit for the prime minister. He said that the prime minister position in Cambodia should be limited to 2 terms, with each term lasting 5 years. The NRP proposal received the support from the Sam Rainsy Party. Eng Chhay Eang, SRP MP from Battambang, said that he believes this amendment will bring progress to the society and will serve the interest of democracy, he said that this proposal is a very good idea.