Paris Peace Agreements on Cambodia: Its historical meaning
(Statement by the Cambodia Borders' Committee)
Respected Monks,
Beloved Compatriots and Friends,
Please allow me to give a short historical reminder on the 1991 Paris Peace Agreements on Cambodia and their meanings.
The war that took place in Cambodia between 1979 and 1991 was not a “civil war” among the Cambodian people. The root of the war started when dozens of Vietnamese troop divisions, heavily equipped and backed up by tanks and bombing planes, invaded Cambodia on 25 December 1978 with the aim of occupying and colonizing Cambodia. This occupation was immediately and severely condemned by the International community which, on 22 October 1982, demanded the complete withdrawal of these Vietnamese forces from Cambodia. It was in vain. The People’s Republic of China (PRC), the ASEAN and the western Superpowers then provided help to the Cambodian resistance movements to fight against these occupiers and their allies.
The war lasted more than one decade-long.
Vietnam announced successive “partial withdrawals” of its forces spread over several years – from July 1982 to December 1988 – and the final withdrawal in 1989, almost at the same time as the Berlin Wall was torn down in Europe. Truthfully, all the ASEAN nations, as well as observers, considered these uncontrolled Vietnamese withdrawals as being merely troop rotations. That was the reason why, in November 1984, the Vietnamese forces could launch its brutal assaults against the KPNLF and the FUNCINPEC bases. However, the resistance movements regrouped and quickly launched a counter-attack.
Starting in 1989, peace negotiations were initiated among the various Cambodian parties. China, the ASEAN, European countries and the US also took part in them, as well as the UN Secretary-general who took a very active role. Talks took place in Jakarta (Indonesia), Tokyo (Japan), Pattaya (Thailand), Beijing (China) and New York (USA). The 23 October 1991 Paris Peace Agreements were concluded to bring back peace to Cambodia through two main stipulations: the restoration of the citizens’ rights and freedom and the restoration of democracy in the country for the sake of social peace and national reconciliation, and, at the international level, the prohibition of all new foreign aggressions on Cambodia because it was necessary to protect both regional and world peace.
Thus, in these Paris Peace Agreements on Cambodia, the word “Peace” became the fundamental centerpiece and the unavoidable point that lead to the remaining parts of these agreements. Indeed, peace and reconciliation needed to be established among the various Cambodian factions. However, under the historical context of the time, it should be firmly stressed that peace was unambiguously aimed at the peace that must be settled between Vietnam and Cambodia. As long as the powerful Vietnam continues to interfere in Cambodia’s internal affairs and that it still pursues its colonization of Cambodia, there could never be peace and true reconciliation among the Cambodian parties.
The flagrant proof to the observation above can be found in Cambodia’s border problems. After 1991, Vietnam continues to impose anew on the Kingdom of Cambodia the secret application of their illegal territorial treaties concluded in the 80s. The Cambodian government had to take authoritarian measures to force its citizens to solemnly recognize these treaties in 2005. Undoubtedly, this Vietnamese “success” also encouraged Thailand to violate Cambodia’s territorial integrity. These Thai violations took place in Preah Vihear and elsewhere, and Thailand also rejected the former Franco-Siamese treaties that it concluded in the past. All these problems maintain the division among the Cambodian people. Could it be that, through these actions, someone wants to foment a new war in Cambodia in order to completely annihilate this fragile country?
My last words, and hopefully, they are yours as well, are these: for our survival as a free and independent Nation, we must uphold law and justice, we must uphold the 1991 Paris Peace Agreements first and foremost to defend the principal interests of our country, as well as preserving our internal peace. We are still too weak to hold equal “bilateral negotiations” with these powerful and dishonest neighbors.
Long Life Cambodia!
Paris 25 October 2009.
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Rappel des Annexions de terres cambodgiennes par le Vietnam et la Thailande
(Déclaration du CFC, le 25 octobre 2009).
(Déclaration du CFC, le 25 octobre 2009).
Vénérables Très Respectés,
Chers Compatriotes et Amis,
A tous les moments de l’Histoire, les forces viêtnamiennes qui entrent au Cambodge, ne manquent jamais d’occuper notre pays et d’annexer nos terres pour agrandir le Vietnam. En 1979, après quelques semaines seulement de leur nouvelle occupation du Cambodge, le Vietnam communiste a imposé à ses soumis khmers son traité de protectorat, du 18 février 1979, pour un contrôle total et absolu du pays. En même temps, des milliers de colons viêtnamiens déferlent quotidiennement au Cambodge, occupant les endroits les plus riches de l’est du pays jusqu’à Phnom-Penh, les berges du Mékong et le Grand Lac Tonlé Sap. Aujourd’hui, ces millions de colons et leurs « Associations » de défense de leurs droits sont partout, y compris dans les provinces du centre, du nord et de l’ouest du Cambodge.
D’autres traités d’annexion territoriale ont été faits, pour confirmer les faits accomplis vietamiens :
- L’Accord du 7 juillet 1982 est pour l’annexion au Vietnam de l’île de Koh Trâl (« Phu Quoc »), des îles de Poulo Panjang et 30.000 Km² du plateau continental cambodgien ;
- Les Traités de 1983 et 1985 pour « la délimitation de la frontière terrestre Vietnam-Cambodge » sont pour confirmer aussi des annexions de fait des terres khmères en Ratanakiri, Mondulkiri, Kompong Cham, jusqu’à Kampot, estimés à environ 5.000 Km² en tout. Ces traités ont été ensuite reconnus par le nouveau Royaume du Cambodge, en violation délibérée des Accords de Paris de 1991, par la signature d’un « Traité Complémentaire » du 10 octobre 2005. Nous saurons exactement combien le Vietnam aura avalé de terres cambodgiennes quand une nouvelle carte administrative officielle du Cambodge sera publiée, si jamais M. HUN SEN accepte de la publier.
Sans doute encouragés par les faits accomplis viêtnamiens, les Thaïs ont déplacé les bornes de frontière vers l’intérieur du Cambodge, de 2 à 10 Km, en plusieurs endroits, comme en Païlin, en Banteay Mean Chey (Phnom Chhat’, Nong Chan, O Bei Choan, Ang Seila) et en Uddar Mean Chey (O Smach, qui était encore cambodgien en 1997). Ces faits ont été régulièrement signalés au Gouvernement de HUN SEN par les autorités locales, par la presse et par les ONG, mais en vain.
M. HUN SEN sait également, d’après les déclarations de Bangkok, que les Thaïs ont annexé les zones occupées par les anciennes forces de la Résistance anti-viêtnamienne FLNPK et FUNCINPEC, ainsi que les anciens camps des réfugiés cambodgiens de l’époque, qui se trouvaient tous en territoire cambodgien. Mais, il n’en a rien dit jusqu’à présent.
De même, en mer, la Thailande a conclu avec le Vietnam sa nouvelle frontière maritime, le 11 août 1997, en s’attribuant unilatéralement environ 30.000 Km² de plateau continental du Cambodge. Mais, M. HUN SEN, certainement par respect pour son « grand frère » Vietnam, n’en a émis aucune protestation officielle, et considère cet énorme espace maritime comme une « zone de chevauchement » à partager avec ses amis Thaïs.
Or les Thaïs et les Viêtnamiens ne tiennent à partager quoi ce que soit avec les Khmers. Ils veulent plutôt se partager notre pays entre eux seulement, comme il y a 150 ans.
Voilà, les terribles conséquences des violations des Accords de Paix de Paris de 1991 sur le Cambodge, aussi bien par le Gouvernement HUN SEN que par le Viêtnam et la Thailande. Il n’y a donc pas de PAIX pour le Cambodge, telle qu’elle est voulue par les Accords de Paris de 1991, tant que se poursuivent sans relâche contre son territoire, sa population et ses patrimoines, les agressions du Viêtnam et les empiètements de la Thailande. Nous devons nous unir et poursuivre notre combat aussi!
Vive le Cambodge !
5 comments:
How can you say that? I do not believe in this statement 100% and I think this is very unfair when people don't want to speak about the truth. The truth is 1) a new group of liberators of "Hun Sen" went over to ask for help from Vietnam 2) Vietnamese troops than reacted responsibly toward helping these liberators to rescue all Khmer people from being eliminated by Pol Pot. However, after the job was done, the Viet Troops than had to return to their base is much appreciated by this new liberators of Hun Sen Party. I want to speak about the truth, nothing but the truth for the whole nations to understand. Some of the reasons why most of us Khmer people still survived up until today was because of this new liberation with the helped of the Viet troops. So, I really appreciate for what they have done for us very much and I believe that we Asian Nations need to do the same as the Vietnamese have done, e.g. when one country is in trouble, the rest of the Asian Nations should come together as one to support that one another. So, please try to speak with good wisdom of life, e.i. having great love, compassion and respect as well as having to appreciate, so that the helper can feel good about they have done and achieved. Also to let them know that their good works are not in vain. We need to move into the 21st century and that everyone is “equally important”. Other saying is; treat others like you want to be treated and love others just like you want to be loved. So, keep in mind that love can benefit us all (win/win situation) whereas hatred will benefit no one but a further leads to destructions and losses. In addition we must promote unity by creating an international security net to protect everyone equally where they can travel to each other’s country and be safe. Aust
6:48AM. You are seem so blinded to see what the Viet Namese are doing right at this moment, they are braking every laws Or ruls which the International (United Nation) had them signed and to respected those laws.Not to mentions the Viet robbings, Killings Khmer Kroms every days.Twenty one Provinces which is the Viet are still control over Khmer Kroms. What are you saying is to thank the Viet for robbing Khmers and braking the international LAWS.
Don't even pretended you are Khmer.If you think you are, may be your mother did not tell you the truth.
Don't even think you and the Viet are right, but the world are wrong!
Aust
Well said but you are lacking something. Current Hun Sen government is still allowing illegal vietnamese immigrants to freely live in Cambodia.
Vietnam has changed from using military to take over other land but using population to dominate other nation.
You can feel goosebumps to compare the population of 75 millions and 14 millions.
Hun Sen has no gut and idea to stop Vietnamese illegal immigrants...I can tell you!
TO 6:48am
You really think that Cambodian people are very cold hearted and have so much hatred for everybody include the Viet invader?
The truth is why did the Vietcong put AH HUN SEN in prison if he went over just to ask the Vietcong for help? The truth is how did the Vietcong behave in responsibility manner when the Vietcong destroy Cambodian neutrality in the first place by using Cambodian soil setting up the Ho Chi Minh Trail inside Cambodia and Cambodia now enter the Vietnam War! The truth is did the Vietcong want to save "all Khmer people" and not all Vietnamese people inside Cambodia? This is such a bad logic to say that the Khmer Rouge want to "kill all Khmer people". Tell me how many nationalities are living in Cambodia? Not a single Vietnamese lives in Cambodia?
The truth is that the Khmer Rouge killed everybody! The truth is there are no Vietcong base in Cambodia and if there is one and it would be a sitting duck! The truth is AH HUN SEN army made up entirely of the Vietcong troop! The Vietcong leaders have no interest in helping AH HUN SEN to form his own army because they want AH HUN SEN to depend them like slave!
I was in Cambodia after the Vietcong invasion and the Vietcong military leaders were visiting Cambodian villegers and trying to recruit the villeagers to spy for them because my mother was fluent in Vietnamese that how I know! The Vietcong military leaders even tell all the Cambodian villegers that they are here to stay in Cambodia for 25 years!
There are too many truths to be said here but I will stop here! The survival of the Khmer people rest with the Khmer themselves not with the Vietcong! It is such a mystery to said that the Vietcong want to save all Khmer or Cambodian people inside Cambodia but what about those Khmer or Cambodian people who are currently living in Vietnam and why are they not saved but only to be killed and to be abused by the Vietcong government until now! Tell me what have become of Monk Tim Sakhorn when the Vietcong government finished with him?
Don't forget that the world have many moving parts and each part behave differently and don't try to generalize the entire Asian nations! Through out history, it is the smaller nations that suffer the most and especially in Asia and it is the bigger nations that will dictate all the term.
Peace without war is not a true peace!
The French governement defended the Cambodia against Thailand..
That's why the north of Cambodia is not Thai.
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